WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT CANCER.

WHAT IS CANCER
Cancer arises from the transformation of normal cells into tumour cells in a multistage process that generally progresses from a pre-cancerous lesion to a malignant tumour. These changes are the result of the interaction between a person's genetic factors and 3 categories of external agents, including:

1. PHYSICAL CARCINOGENS, such as ultraviolet and ionizing radiation.

2. CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS, such as asbestos, components of tobacco smoke, aflatoxin (a food contaminant), and arsenic (a drinking water contaminant)
3. BIOLOGICAL CARCINOGENS, such as infections from certain viruses, bacteria, or parasites.

WHO, through its cancer research agency, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), maintains a classification of cancer-causing agents.

Ageing is another fundamental factor for the development of cancer. The incidence of cancer rises dramatically with age, most likely due to a build-up of risks for specific cancers that increase with age. The overall risk accumulation is combined with the tendency for cellular repair mechanisms to be less effective as a person grows older.

Risk factors for cancers

Tobacco use, alcohol use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity are major cancer risk factors worldwide and are also the 4 shared risk factors for other noncommunicable diseases.

Some chronic infections are risk factors for cancer and have major relevance in low- and middle-income countries. Approximately 15% of cancers diagnosed in 2012 were attributed to carcinogenic infections, including Helicobacter pylori, Human papillomavirus (HPV), Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, and Epstein-Barr virus.

Hepatitis B and C virus and some types of HPV increase the risk for liver and cervical cancer, respectively. Infection with HIV substantially increases the risk of cancers such as cervical cancer.

Tobacco use is the single most important risk factor for cancer and is responsible for approximately 22% of cancer-related deaths globally.

Pursue prevention strategies

To prevent cancer, people may:

increase avoidance of the risk factors listed above;
vaccinate against HPV and hepatitis B virus;
control occupational hazards;
reduce exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
reduce exposure to ionizing radiation (occupational or medical diagnostic imaging).

Vaccination against these HPV and hepatitis B viruses could prevent 1 million cancer cases each year.

Comments

Health risks of high heeled shoes.

It is so common to see some ladies put on high heels and be on them for hours. If you are one of them, have you sat down and asked yourself if it in anyway affects your health? I will be glad to share the possible health risks of wearing such shoes with you. Consider what a doctor who is a member of the American osteopathic association says " High heels put the foot at an angle and pull muscles and joints out of alignment, so the effects aren’t limited to the feet,” Dr. Surve explained. “It’s not unusual for people who spend lots of time in high heels to have low back, neck and shoulder pain because the shoes disrupt the natural form of the body.” Structurally, the plantar fascia in the foot is connected to the calf muscle, which in turn connects to the hamstring. The hamstrings attach to the pelvis and low back, which is why wearing high heels can make your back ache along with your feet. Also, walking on the balls of your feet will shift your center of gravi...

EXERCISE IS 100% BENEFICIAL FOR LADIES. LEARN WHY.

Exercise has been neglected by so many people especially the female gender, because they are always so busy and have no time to do it. Some entertain the idea that exercising Is meant only for the male gender. Over the years health professionals have advised all to engage in regular body exercises, with beneficial reasons. Some exercises are done to reduce body weight for people who are overweight. Others build up muscles in different parts of the body and others are done to enlarge the tighs especially in ladies giving them a desirable shape. HOW TO BENEFIT AFTER EACH EXERCISE. After an exercise, it is advised to take fruits, since they are rich in vitamins or light foods that contain carbohydrates in order for the body to synthesise Adenosine triphosphate (ATP/Energy) which has already been used up by the body during the exercise. A glass of fruit juice can still be a perfect choice. ...

WHY YOU SHOULD STOP WEARING VERY TIGHT TROUSERS.

Tight fitting trousers can give you the best of looks because they can enhance your figure, but still it can pose various health risks and can make you feel uncomfortable. WHAT ARE THE RISKS? Tight trousers or skinny denim can keep you uncomfortable especially when your work or business requires that you walk around for a very long time. Tight trouser or skinny denim compresses a lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, running from the pelvis to the outer side of the thigh. Nerve compression contributes to pain on outer side of thigh associated with tingling, numbness and burning sensation in respective supplied areas. Medically, this condition is known as “Meralgia paresthetica”. The condition is extremely severe in overweight people where extra weight enhances nerve compression. Other problems may include the following : Aggravatio...

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